logo
  • Arabic
  • Chinese
  • Hebrew
  • Spanish
  • Portuguese
  • Russian
  • Japan
  • *BRC Ratings – S&P Global
  • India-CRISIL
  • Taiwan Ratings
  • Login
  • Reset Password
  • Register
  • Logout
  • Personal Info
  • Interests
  • Newsletters
  • Reset Password

    • Product Login

  • S&P Capital IQ Pro
  • Ratings360®

S&P Global Offerings

market-intelligence

Market Intelligence
ratings

Ratings
commodity-insights

Commodity Insights
dow-jones-indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices
mobility

Mobility
sustainable1

Sustainable1

Featured Topics

Sustainability
Private Markets
Energy Transition
Credit & Risk
Fixed Income
Supply Chain
Technology & AI

Featured Products

capital-iq-pro

S&P Capital IQ Pro
platts-connect

Platts Connect
esg-scores

S&P Global ESG Scores
autocreditinsight

AutoCreditInsight
ratings360

Ratings360
spice

SPICE: The Index Source for ESG Data

Events

Featured S&P Global Events
Webinar Replays
CERAWeek
S&P Global Market Intelligence
S&P Global Ratings
S&P Dow Jones Indices
S&P Global Mobility
S&P Global Commodity Insights
S&P Global Sustainable1

Careers

Overview
Our Culture
Our Commitment
Our Work
Search for a Job
  • S&P Global Home
  • Market Intelligence
  • Ratings
  • Commodity Insights
  • S&P Dow Jones Indices
  • Mobility
  • Sustainable1

S&P Global Offerings

market-intelligence

Market Intelligence
ratings

Ratings
commodity-insights

Commodity Insights
dow-jones-indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices
mobility

Mobility
sustainable1

Sustainable1

Featured Topics

Sustainability
Private Markets
Energy Transition
Credit & Risk
Fixed Income
Supply Chain
Technology & AI

Featured Products

capital-iq-pro

S&P Capital IQ Pro
platts-connect

Platts Connect
esg-scores

S&P Global ESG Scores
autocreditinsight

AutoCreditInsight
ratings360

Ratings360
spice

SPICE: The Index Source for ESG Data

Events

Featured S&P Global Events
Webinar Replays
CERAWeek
S&P Global Market Intelligence
S&P Global Ratings
S&P Dow Jones Indices
S&P Global Mobility
S&P Global Commodity Insights
S&P Global Sustainable1

Careers

Overview
Our Culture
Our Commitment
Our Work
Search for a Job
logo
Support Login

    S&P Global Offerings

    market-intelligence

    Market Intelligence
    ratings

    Ratings
    commodity-insights

    Commodity Insights
    dow-jones-indices

    S&P Dow Jones Indices
    mobility

    Mobility
    sustainable1

    Sustainable1

    Featured Topics

    Sustainability
    Private Markets
    Energy Transition
    Credit & Risk
    Fixed Income
    Supply Chain
    Technology & AI

    Featured Products

    capital-iq-pro

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    platts-connect

    Platts Connect
    esg-scores

    S&P Global ESG Scores
    autocreditinsight

    AutoCreditInsight
    ratings360

    Ratings360
    spice

    SPICE: The Index Source for ESG Data

    Events

    Featured S&P Global Events
    Webinar Replays
    CERAWeek
    S&P Global Market Intelligence
    S&P Global Ratings
    S&P Dow Jones Indices
    S&P Global Mobility
    S&P Global Commodity Insights
    S&P Global Sustainable1

    Careers

    Overview
    Our Culture
    Our Commitment
    Our Work
    Search for a Job
    • S&P Global Home
    • Market Intelligence
    • Ratings
    • Commodity Insights
    • S&P Dow Jones Indices
    • Mobility
    • Sustainable1

    S&P Global Offerings

    market-intelligence

    Market Intelligence
    ratings

    Ratings
    commodity-insights

    Commodity Insights
    dow-jones-indices

    S&P Dow Jones Indices
    mobility

    Mobility
    sustainable1

    Sustainable1

    Featured Topics

    Sustainability
    Private Markets
    Energy Transition
    Credit & Risk
    Fixed Income
    Supply Chain
    Technology & AI

    Featured Products

    capital-iq-pro

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    platts-connect

    Platts Connect
    esg-scores

    S&P Global ESG Scores
    autocreditinsight

    AutoCreditInsight
    ratings360

    Ratings360
    spice

    SPICE: The Index Source for ESG Data

    Events

    Featured S&P Global Events
    Webinar Replays
    CERAWeek
    S&P Global Market Intelligence
    S&P Global Ratings
    S&P Dow Jones Indices
    S&P Global Mobility
    S&P Global Commodity Insights
    S&P Global Sustainable1

    Careers

    Overview
    Our Culture
    Our Commitment
    Our Work
    Search for a Job

    Language

    • Arabic
    • Chinese
    • Hebrew
    • Spanish
    • Portuguese
    • Russian
    • Japan
    • *BRC Ratings – S&P Global
    • India-CRISIL
    • Taiwan Ratings

    • Login
    • Reset Password
    • Register
    • Logout
    • Personal Info
    • Interests
    • Newsletters
    • Reset Password

      • Product Login

    • S&P Capital IQ Pro
    • Ratings360®
    Ratings
    Need a Rating?

    I Need A Solution For

    See All Products
    See All Products
    Ratings
    Assessments
    Sustainable Finance
    Fund Ratings
    Decentralized Finance
    Private Markets

    Product Login

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    Ratings360®

    I Need A Solution For

    See All Products
    See All Products
    Ratings
    Assessments
    Sustainable Finance
    Fund Ratings
    Decentralized Finance
    Private Markets

    Product Login

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    Ratings360®
    • Latest Research
    • Sovereign Risk Indicators
    • Podcasts & Videos
    • Newsletters

    Featured

    See All Topics
    See All Topics
    Credit Conditions

    Credit Conditions
    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    Emerging and Established Risks

    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    Credit Market Research
    Credit Conditions
    Economic Research
    Emerging Markets
    Sustainability Insights
    Private Markets
    Climate-Finance in Lower-Income Countries

    Sectors

    Corporates
    Financial Institutions
    Fund Ratings
    Governments
    Infrastructure
    Insurance
    Project Finance
    Structured Finance
    U.S. Public Finance
    • Latest Research
    • Sovereign Risk Indicators
    • Podcasts & Videos
    • Newsletters

    Featured

    See All Topics
    See All Topics
    Credit Conditions

    Credit Conditions
    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    Emerging and Established Risks

    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    Credit Market Research
    Credit Conditions
    Economic Research
    Emerging Markets
    Sustainability Insights
    Private Markets
    Climate-Finance in Lower-Income Countries

    Sectors

    Corporates
    Financial Institutions
    Fund Ratings
    Governments
    Infrastructure
    Insurance
    Project Finance
    Structured Finance
    U.S. Public Finance
    • Request for Comment
    • Find A Rating

    Published Reports

    Ratings Actions
    Presale Reports
    Press Releases
    Annual Reviews

    About Credit Ratings

    Understanding Credit Ratings
    How We Rate Emerging & Frontier Markets
    Credit Rating History
    Ratings Definitions

    Criteria & Models

    Ratings Criteria & Models
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    • Request for Comment
    • Find A Rating

    Published Reports

    Ratings Actions
    Presale Reports
    Press Releases
    Annual Reviews

    About Credit Ratings

    Understanding Credit Ratings
    How We Rate Emerging & Frontier Markets
    Credit Rating History
    Ratings Definitions

    Criteria & Models

    Ratings Criteria & Models
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    • See All Events

    Featured Events

    global-credit-conditions-q3

    Global Credit Conditions Q3: Bending, Not Breaking (AMER/EMEA Session)
    apac-commodities-in-focus

    Asia-Pacific Commodities in Focus: Navigating the Shifting Landscape

    Featured

    alt

    New Event*
    alt

    New Event*
    • See All Events

    Featured Events

    global-credit-conditions-q3

    Global Credit Conditions Q3: Bending, Not Breaking (AMER/EMEA Session)
    apac-commodities-in-focus

    Asia-Pacific Commodities in Focus: Navigating the Shifting Landscape

    Featured

    alt

    New Event*
    alt

    New Event*

    Regulatory

    Disclosures
    Form NRSRO
    Policies & Code of Conduct
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    Credit Rating History
    SEC Rule 17g-7 Reports
    Ratings Definitions
    Ratings Criteria & Models

    Regulatory

    Disclosures
    Form NRSRO
    Policies & Code of Conduct
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    Credit Rating History
    SEC Rule 17g-7 Reports
    Ratings Definitions
    Ratings Criteria & Models
    S&P Global / Ratings

    I Need A Solution For

    See All Products
    See All Products
    Ratings
    Assessments
    Sustainable Finance
    Fund Ratings
    Decentralized Finance
    Private Markets

    Product Login

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    Ratings360®

    I Need A Solution For

    See All Products
    See All Products
    Ratings
    Assessments
    Sustainable Finance
    Fund Ratings
    Decentralized Finance
    Private Markets

    Product Login

    S&P Capital IQ Pro
    Ratings360®
    • Latest Research
    • Sovereign Risk Indicators
    • Podcasts & Videos
    • Newsletters

    Featured

    See All Topics
    See All Topics
    Credit Conditions

    Credit Conditions
    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    Emerging and Established Risks

    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    Credit Market Research
    Credit Conditions
    Economic Research
    Emerging Markets
    Sustainability Insights
    Private Markets
    Climate-Finance in Lower-Income Countries

    Sectors

    Corporates
    Financial Institutions
    Fund Ratings
    Governments
    Infrastructure
    Insurance
    Project Finance
    Structured Finance
    U.S. Public Finance
    • Latest Research
    • Sovereign Risk Indicators
    • Podcasts & Videos
    • Newsletters

    Featured

    See All Topics
    See All Topics
    Credit Conditions

    Credit Conditions
    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    What We're Watching: Key Themes 2025

    Emerging and Established Risks

    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    See All Credit Research & Insights*
    Credit Market Research
    Credit Conditions
    Economic Research
    Emerging Markets
    Sustainability Insights
    Private Markets
    Climate-Finance in Lower-Income Countries

    Sectors

    Corporates
    Financial Institutions
    Fund Ratings
    Governments
    Infrastructure
    Insurance
    Project Finance
    Structured Finance
    U.S. Public Finance
    • Request for Comment
    • Find A Rating

    Published Reports

    Ratings Actions
    Presale Reports
    Press Releases
    Annual Reviews

    About Credit Ratings

    Understanding Credit Ratings
    How We Rate Emerging & Frontier Markets
    Credit Rating History
    Ratings Definitions

    Criteria & Models

    Ratings Criteria & Models
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    • Request for Comment
    • Find A Rating

    Published Reports

    Ratings Actions
    Presale Reports
    Press Releases
    Annual Reviews

    About Credit Ratings

    Understanding Credit Ratings
    How We Rate Emerging & Frontier Markets
    Credit Rating History
    Ratings Definitions

    Criteria & Models

    Ratings Criteria & Models
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    • See All Events

    Featured Events

    global-credit-conditions-q3

    Global Credit Conditions Q3: Bending, Not Breaking (AMER/EMEA Session)
    apac-commodities-in-focus

    Asia-Pacific Commodities in Focus: Navigating the Shifting Landscape

    Featured

    alt

    New Event*
    alt

    New Event*
    • See All Events

    Featured Events

    global-credit-conditions-q3

    Global Credit Conditions Q3: Bending, Not Breaking (AMER/EMEA Session)
    apac-commodities-in-focus

    Asia-Pacific Commodities in Focus: Navigating the Shifting Landscape

    Featured

    alt

    New Event*
    alt

    New Event*

    Regulatory

    Disclosures
    Form NRSRO
    Policies & Code of Conduct
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    Credit Rating History
    SEC Rule 17g-7 Reports
    Ratings Definitions
    Ratings Criteria & Models

    Regulatory

    Disclosures
    Form NRSRO
    Policies & Code of Conduct
    Significant Criteria & Model Errors
    Credit Rating History
    SEC Rule 17g-7 Reports
    Ratings Definitions
    Ratings Criteria & Models
    Ratings
    Need a Rating?
    Need a Rating?

    • Follow Us

    • About S&P Global Ratings
    • Media Center
    • CRISIL
    • Contact Us
    • Our Values
    • Our History
    • Ventures
    • Press Center
    • Investor Relations
    • News Releases
    • Quarterly Earnings
    • SEC Filings & Reports
    • Contact Customer Care & Sales
    • Support by Division
    • Report an Ethics Concern
    • Office Locations
    • Careers
    • Corporate Responsibility
    • Leadership
    • IOSCO ESG Rating & Data Product Statements
    • Legal Disclaimers
    • Terms of Use
    • Cookie Notice
    • Privacy Policy
    • Client Privacy Portal
    • Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

    • © 2025 S&P Global